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Notes: The 2hp Buff is a buffered multiple capable of splitting an input signal to multiple outputs. Due to its active architecture, inputs retain their full integrity as they are copied to multiple destinations. One input signal can be copied to six outputs, or two inputs can be copied to three outputs each. The Buff is especially great for splitting pitch or audio signals where signal integrity is critical. Keep your signals in shape with Buff.

Notes: Euclid is a rhythmic pattern generator based on ideas originally presented by Euclid, the Greek mathematician. The Euclidean algorithm can be adapted to create rhythms by taking the total number of active steps in a sequence, and then distributing them across the entirety of the pattern.

This creates cyclical rhythms that are immediately musical and can be used for everything from EDM to IDM. Bring your patches full circle with Euclid.

Notes: AVert is a dual attenuverter. Each channel offers the ability to attenuate and invert any input signal. The signal present at channel one is normalled to channel 2, allowing for two unique output signals from a single input. Get Inverted.

Notes: Clk is a voltage controlled clock generator with all the features a master clock needs. It has an extremely wide range from ten seconds between pulses well into audio rate. In addition, the pause button and CV input provide an expressive feature that is all too often missing in a modular setup. Stop using LFOs or other modulation sources for your master clock, and let Clk do what it's best at.

Notes: Great for generating random voltages from white noise, arpeggios from sawtooth waves, and downsampling audio signals.

Notes: The 2hp VCA is a dual, linear VCA. It uses the renowned 2164 SSM architecture, giving it extremely low distortion and high quality audio outputs. With a CV input attenuator, and DC-coupled inputs this is your new go-to module for voltage controlled amplification of audio or CV.

Notes: TM is a probabilistic random sequence generator based on the research of Alan Turing. His Turing machine was a mathematical model of computation that could, in theory, create any output based on a set of instructions and input variables. In a similar way, the TM chooses random values for steps in a sequence based on the user's probability settings. By manipulating probability and sequence length, the module can generate an infinite number of sequences. Whether you're looking for a controlled random source, or an evolving melody generator, TM has you covered.

Notes: ADSR is a four stage linear envelope with two expressive ranges. Each stage can be modified independently allowing for the creation of complex, multi-segment envelopes. Great for modulating filters, VCAs, and oscillators.

Notes: ***B-STOCK: Box opened, product in perfect working order***


ADSR is a four stage linear envelope with two expressive ranges. Each stage can be modified independently allowing for the creation of complex, multi-segment envelopes. Great for modulating filters, VCAs, and oscillators.

Notes: ***B-STOCK: Without original box, product has light surface marks but otherwise in perfect working condition.***


ADSR is a four stage linear envelope with two expressive ranges. Each stage can be modified independently allowing for the creation of complex, multi-segment envelopes. Great for modulating filters, VCAs, and oscillators.

Notes: The Buff Mult is a buffered multiple with LED indicators to show positive and negative voltages. Using wide bandwidth opamps, it functions as a dual 1-to-3 or a single 1-to-6 mult for audio, video, or CV signals.

Notes: The Row Power 25 is a clean, regulated, and protected power supply module for Eurorack systems. It requires a barrel-style power brick (15V - 20V DC) and supplies power to modules via flying bus cables, direct connection, and/or bus boards.

The Row Power 25 provides 25W of power for any Eurorack modules (typically 4-10 modules*):

+12V @ 1.4A maximum, 1.0A recommended
-12V @ 0.8A maximum, 0.5A recommended
+5V @ 1.0A maximum, 0.8A recommended

*number of modules can vary depending on each module's power consumption.

Simply plug a universal power supply (laptop style) into either of the barrel plugs on the 4HP panel. Connect your modules via flying-bus cables or the Bus Stick.

Multiple Row Power modules can be powered from a single power brick by daisy-chaining with an inexpensive barrel cable. The Row Power 25 can also be daisy-chained to Pods. Each Row Power and Pod will be independently regulated and protected for ultra-low cross-talk between rows.

Notes: Navigator is a compact, multi-use voltage utility designed to bring playable control to CV sources in your rack. The combination of normalled voltages and mixing allows you to attenuate, polarize and offset signals to modulate parameters exactly within the sweet spot of another module's CV input. Navigator is a compact, multi-use voltage utility designed to bring playable control to CV sources in your rack. The combination of normalled voltages and mixing allows you to attenuate, polarize and offset signals to modulate parameters exactly within the sweet spot of another module's CV input.

Details:

4hp

25mm deep

11 mA on +12V, 8 mA on -12V, 0 mA on +5V

Notes: A Comparator is an electronic circuit that compares two voltages and switches its output to indicate which is larger. The Comparator operates between -10 or +10V

The Output is always -10V if below Threshold and +10V if above Threshold.

A Rectifier is an electronic circuit that is used to transform AC signals to an equivalent DC signal while removing one of it's polarities, i.e. Positive rectification excludes negative signals and vice-versa.
Both sections can be used to change the shape of any waveform as well as its harmonic content.

FRONTPANEL:
1 Comparator Threshold Knob
1 Comparator Jack Output
2 Comparator Monitor Led1 Common Signal Jack Input
4 Rectificated Outputs

MECHANICAL:
Format: Eurorack
Width: 4 HP
Depth: 2.5 cm

CONTROL VOLTAGE I/O:
CV inputs: i 10v
CV outputs: i10v

ELECTRICAL:
Max current: 30mA
Compatible with +-12v and +-15v power supplies
Bus Board Cable: 8 × 2 IDC (Doepfer style) connector

Notes: The ADDAC213B is the second pair of modules from ADDAC's Eurorack Bridge system.

A pair of ADDAC213Bs can be used in standalone to send/receive 8 CV or audio signals between different points inside the same case or as an expansion to the main pair of Eurorack Bridge modules, the ADDAC213As.

Two ADDAC213B modules can be connected to each other with the use of a single ribbon cable and then used inside a case to carry signals between distant points without the need for long cables. Less clatter, less spaghetti- more space of your fingers on those knobs!

ADDAC213Bs always come in pairs. A single pair can send & receive up to 8 CV or audio signals between different points in your case at the same time. The modules can be installed in normal position or a 180 degree position to fit any need.

As an Expansion to an ADDAC213A.

Each ADDAC213B connected to the backside of an ADDAC213A adds 8 more channels to the main bridging functionality of the ADDAC213A.

Up to 2 ADDAC213B can be connected to an ADDAC213A module, expanding the bridging between two difference cases to a total of 24 channels.

If you're looking for a simple one-cable bridge between your various cases, then look no further than the ADDAC213A.

Between the ADDAC213A pair and the ADDAC213B, your cases never looked so elegantly connected together!

Each module can be installed in normal position or at 180 degrees.

Comes with a 50cm ribbon cable. Custom sizes are available upon request.

Mechanical:
. Format: Eurorack
. Width: 3 HP
. Depth: 2.5 cm

Electrical:
Passive / Does not draw current
Ribbon Cable: 50cm or 100cm ribbon cable

Notes: Following ADDAC System's T-Networks series, the importance of having the right input signal for firing drum modules or envelopes was realised. Gates and Triggers are often looked at as similar signals but at times it really makes a difference and results will change drastically depending if a Gate or a Trigger is fed to the input of such modules.

This led to the simple yet effective Gate to Trigger.
A four channel converter with bypass switch for each channel.

Any input Gate will be limited to a 1ms Trigger.

Tech Specs:
3HP
2.5 cm deep
10mA +12V
10mA -12V

Notes: Passive dual expression pedal attenuator.

Plug any CV or audio source through it and control its amplitude through any standard expression pedal.

Invert switch for inverting the expression pedal action.

Specs:
- Passive Module
- Width: 4 HP
- Depth: 3 cm

Notes: Dedicated expansion for the ADDAC807C VC Summing Mixer

Features 4 individual track post fader stereo outputs.

2Hp
2 cm deep
0mA

Notes: This is a new revision of one of ADDAC's first modules, back from 2010.

Now more compact in 6hp and with an Offset CV input.

The incoming signal amplitude is controlled by a [GAIN] attenuverter circuit allowing to attenuate the signal as well as invert its phase.
A back jumper can set the maximum gain amount to either x1 (unity gain) or x10. DIY modifications can be made by changing its resistors.
After the Gain an offset can be added to the signal, displacing the signal up or down (-5V to +5V) this can be adjusted using the [OFFSET] knob and CV input

When using no input using the [OFFSET] knob and CV input will generate an output between -5V and +5V.

Tech Specs:

6HP
2.5 cm deep
40mA +12V
40mA -12V

Notes: ADDAC309 CV to Expression allows a simple and straight forward connection between modular and effect pedals that features expression pedal TRS inputs.

Instead of using an expression pedal into the effects pedal the user can use this module in between a CV source and the Effects pedal to be controlled.

This is a great way to control the available parameters on the effects pedals straight from a CV source.

ADDAC309 features 2 channels each with a CV Input with attenuator and a 1/4" jack output.

This is a passive module, the power needed for operation is taken from the pedal power instead of the modular frame, this allows for perfect matching of the pedal's operating voltage which can range from 3.3v to 9v.

Tech Specs:
4HP
3,5cm deep
Passive module

Notes: This is a buffered/active mult with LED indicator. You get two channels of 1 to 3 multiples within a 2HP module. The output of channel 1 is normalled to channel 2 so it can also be treated as a 1 to 6 multiple as well.

Active vs Passive mults:

With a passive mult you are effectively just plugging multiple things into the same jacks. This will often cause some voltage drop in each of the signals. With an active (or buffered) mult you will not get any voltage drop from the original signal.

Comes with a black and gold panel, power cable and one year warranty.

Usage note:

The red stripe of the power ribbon cable goes towards the top of this module.

Notes: Enigma Expander for micro Turing Machine (Alan)

An expander for After Later's Alan module (a smaller version of the Turing Machine) that enables you to manipulate the stepped CV sequence. This enables you to create a different, yet related sequence to the main Alan output.

The module comes with the required cable to connect to the main module. Our black and gold panel is designed to complement Alan, Aftter Later's micro version of the Turing Machine.

The module comes with a 1 year warranty.

Notes: Morcom Expander for micro Turing Machine (Alan)

An expander for After Later's Alan module (a smaller version of the Turing Machine) that exposes the pulse outputs from the main Alan module. You get 7 seven random outputs and then 4 that are derived from other 7 outputs. When 1 and 2 are high then the 1+2 outputs is high. You can get some great rhythmic effects using these in conjunction with the main stepped CV output.

The module comes with the required cable to connect to the main module. The panel is designed to compliment Alan, After Later's micro version of the Turing Machine.

The module comes with a 1 year warranty.

Notes: SHTH - Sample and Hold - Track and Hold

Create stepped outputs using two different classic synthesis techniques, sample & hold and/or track & hold.

Sample & Hold

The top four jacks make up the sample and hold section. There is a noise output that is normalled to the input so you can pass a gate/trig signal into the SAMP input to get a stepped output at the OUT jack.

IN - Signal that will be sampled, normalled to NSE output
SAMP - When high updates the voltage being sent to the output
NSE - White noise output
OUT - The sampled output (freezes the value from the IN jack when the SAMP jack receives a high signal)

Track & Hold

The bottom four jacks make up the track and hold section. There is a walk signal (a randomish meandering voltage) that is normalled to the input. Track and hold is the opposite of sample and hold in that it will pass the IN value to the OUT jack until the TRACK input receives a high gate. While the TRACK input is high it will hold the value. After the TRACK input goes low, it will begin tracking the IN signal again.

IN - Signal that will be tracked
TRACK - When high the value will be held at the output
WALK - A meandering voltage
OUT - The track output (follows IN while TRACK is low, held voltage while TRACK is high)

Notes: An interface for the case 1/4" jacks in Intelljel cases. The jacks are marked as if they are part of the case, so the jacks marked out, require an input.

The module sports both input and output for either a consumer line level (0.447Vpk) or a professional line level (1.095Vpk). These levels are controllable via jumper on the back of the module. It can also have a single input and output channel switched to pedal level. The case output is fed to the headphone amp that has a corresponding level control. The module otherwise does not have any level control and relies on using a VCA or other module to perform any level controls.

The module can essentially be run in one of three modes:

1) Stereo line level in and out

2) Stereo line level in and out via the left side and mono pedal in and out on the right side. In this mode the stereo line levels leverage TRS on the 1/4" jacks. You can use the included 3.5mm couplers to get TRS on the 3.5mm side.

3) Mono line level in and out via the left side and mono pedal in and out on the right side.

For Palette 64hp users only have two 1/4" jacks. You can choose if you want to use the case jacks as either inputs, outputs, or one input and one output.

Notes: Two channel USB module.

Standard Mode - Send two channels into your USB device and receive two channels from USB.

Insert Mode - Send two channels to your USB device and get a copy of the sent signal in the outputs.

Toggle between the modes via a pair of jumpers on the back. The USB-B to USB-A cable is provided with the module. Why use the cutting edge USB-B? I felt the jacks were way more sturdy than mounting USB-C jacks vertically.

Expandable - Bartender, Barbacks, DVCA, Cast Iron, Mingles, and USB-2CH can all be connected with Dupont cables (aka female to female breadboard cables) via pin headers on the back of the modules. Connecting the in and out pins will send/receive the audio into the next module.

Width: 4HP
12V: 10mA
-12V: 10mA

Notes: A simple VC panner with CV-controlled level. The left input normals to the right input to give an easy way to add panning to a mono signal.

Expandable

Bartender, Barbacks, DVCA, Cast Iron, Mingles, and USB-2CH can all be connected with Dupont cables (aka female to female breadboard cables) via pin headers on the back of the modules. Connecting the in and out pins will send/receive the audio into the next module.

Width: 4hp
12V: 40mA
-12V: 40mA

Notes: AJH Synth have had quite a few customers asking if we can make the gain jumpers on the MiniMod VCF and VCA modules accessible from the front panel, so this 2HP module aims to address this.

The Gain Switch Multi has two switches which connect to the gain jumpers on the VCA and VCF. Switch "up" is the same as having the gain jumper in place, switch "down" is the same as removing the jumper, and gives higher gain.

Using these switches gives a similar effect to the old "headphone out to external input" trick on the original Model D but with a much wider overdrive range, particularly from the VCA.

As an added bonus, AJH Synth have also included a six way passive multi.

Notes: The 'S.B.G' is a compact utility module intended for the interfacing of guitar effect pedals with your eurorack modular system.

It provides both attenuation and amplification of audio signals for level matching together with a crossfade control to conveniently adjust the wet/dry mix of a processed signal. The module also offers regulation of outgoing CV signals for safer use of pedal expression inputs.

Technical Specifications:

Supply: +/-12V (Reverse voltage protection)
Current Draw: ~30ma
Size: 4 HP
Depth: 22mm (including power header)

Notes: 'O/A/x2' is a dual channel attenuverter with each channel also including a bipolar voltage offset and LED monitoring. The module is primarily intended for fine grain flexible 'editing' of control signals (i.e changing the phase, level and DC offset of an LFO signal) but also has uses with audio signals such as attenuation, inversion and mixing.

Technical Specifications:

Supply: +/-12V (Reverse voltage protection)
Current Draw: ~50ma
Size: 4 HP
Depth: 32mm (including power header)

Notes: The mmT is an optional 3HP expander which connects directly to the expand socket on the rear of the mmMidi using supplied cable.
It maps the third configured MIDI channel key presses to corresponding trigger/gate outputs as shown on the mmT front panel.
It's useful for controlling drum modules and in particular the ALM Squid Salmple.

Dimensions
3 HP
38 mm deep

Current Draw
30 mA +12V
0 mA -12V

Notes: The 'HPO' is an affordable super slim and skiff friendly no frills stereo headphone driver output for your modular synthesiser. Includes a volume control and ability to double up a mono signal into stereo. A great use for that left over 2hp in a skiff or larger system.

Give loved ones, friends and acquaintances a break from your musical 'genius', the HPO offers a solitary cell for focused creativity impregnable from undeserving non-believers.

Notes: The 'Stereo Sum' is a unity gain summing mixer that features four stereo input pairs summed as pairs to two independent mix outs or all as a single combined mix. It is a useful utility for efficiently combining outputs of multiple stereo sources, such as the MEGA-TANG and Jumble Henge mixers or multiple MFX returns. The inputs accept stereo or mono signals (via normalisation) which can be audio or CV (module is DC coupled) and the top mixer's outputs are normalised to the bottom mixer section meaning if the upper output is left unpatched the two upper inputs will be added to the lower output.

Stereo input pairs

Stereo inputs. Can be used with audio or CV (inputs are DC coupled).

Left ins normalised to Right for mono signals.

Stereo mix output 1

Stereo mix output. Normalised to bottom mixer section if ouput is left unpatched.

Stereo input pairs

Stereo inputs. Can be used with audio or CV (inputs are DC coupled).
Left ins normalised to Right for mono signals.

Stereo mix output 2

Final stereo mix output.

Technical specifications

Power: +12V 8ma / -12V 8ma
Size: 4HP
Depth: 32mm

Notes: STMix is a four-channel stereo mixer in 28hp and 1U format. It can work independently or as an expansion of Befaco's Hexmix module via the six-pin connector located in the back. The module is designed under the Intellijel 1U format.

Features

Four channels stereo inputs with volume control.
AC Coupled inputs to improve audio performance.
Output clipping LED indicators.
Connector at the back to interface with the Hexmix module.
1U Intellijel format

Specs:

Current needs: +12V: 30mA, -12V: 30mA
Width: 28 HP
Depth: 20mm (including power connector)
Aluminium, heat-treated front panel
Designed, kits prepared and completed modules assembled in Barcelona

Notes: Expand your Eurorack system with the 2HP wide VCA, which offers maximum sound control despite its minimalist size. This highly flexible Voltage Controlled Amplifier is the perfect addition to any modular setup, designed to add depth, dynamics, and nuanced expressiveness to your sounds. Whether you're a seasoned modular enthusiast or a newcomer to the world of synthetic sound shaping, this VCA will impress you with its performance and versatility.

Ultra-compact design

With a width of only 2HP, this VCA fits seamlessly into any Eurorack setup and optimizes the available space for maximum creativity.

A standout feature of this VCA is the ability to manually switch between a linear and a logarithmic characteristic. This feature allows you to fine-tune the VCA to meet the needs of your sound design, from smooth, smooth fades to dramatic, exponential changes.

Use the VCA for a wide range of applications, from simple volume control to shaping dynamic amplitude modulations. Its flexibility makes it the ideal tool for experimental sound research as well as classic synthesizer sounds.

Intuitive operation

Despite its advanced features, the VCA remains intuitive to use. Switching between characteristics is straightforward, so you can focus on experimenting with your sounds.

Perfect for any setup

Whether you're in the studio or on stage, this VCA is a must-have for anyone looking to expand their sonic palette and refine control over their sounds. Its robust construction and reliable performance make it a trustworthy partner for all musical endeavors.

Notes: Discover the new dimension of your sound design with the ultra-compact 2HP wide ADSR Envelope Generator in Eurorack format. This precise tool is specially designed for synth enthusiasts who don't want to miss out on professional dynamic control in their Eurorack system. Despite its small size, this ADSR generator offers a plethora of features that will take your soundscapes to the next level.

Compact design

With a width of only 2HP, this envelope generator fits seamlessly into any Eurorack setup without wasting valuable space.

Customise your sounds with full ADSR control - Attack, Decay, Sustain and Release can be intuitively adjusted to bring your sounds to life

There is also a built-in LED display that gives you real-time visual feedback on the current phase of the envelope. This way, you always have an overview of the dynamic progression of your sounds.

With the ability to choose between three timebase settings (S, M, and L), you can flexibly adjust the envelope time base to suit your musical needs. From fast, crisp pulses to long-drawn-out, atmospheric evolutions, expand your expressive possibilities.

Manual Trigger

A special highlight is the manual trigger button. This allows you to trigger the envelope independently of external signal sources, ideal for spontaneous performances or experimenting with new sound ideas.

Dimensions
2 HP
42 mm deep

Current Draw
15 mA +12V
5 mA -12V
0 mA 5V

Notes: The CubuSynth Dual Vintage VCA is a nice sounding, zero bleed, analog Voltage controlled amplifier based on the LM13700 Dual OTA. It can work as two independent VCAs or as a stereo unit, and CV input 1 on channel 1 is normalized to the CV input 1 on channel 2. (same signal can control both Channels).

The Original concept is designed by Tom Wiltshire aka "Electric Druid". For more information visit:

https://electricdruid.net/design-a-eurorack-vintage-vca-with-the-lm13700/

1 LEVEL
Sets the Amplitude for each channel.

2 CV AMOUNT
Attenuates the Control voltage from CV input (3)

3 CV
CV input for the amplitude Modulation. The input on channel 2 is
normalized from CV on channel 1 when nothing is plugged in.

4 CV2
A second CV input for amplitude modulation, without attenuator

5 IN
Input for Audio Signal

6 OUT
Output for the Audio Signal

Dimensions
8 HP
25 mm deep

Current Draw
9 mA +12V
9 mA -12V

Notes: The CubuSynth 6xLevel module is a 8hp passive Attenuator, which allows scaling of CV and audio signals. The inputs are normalized from the outputs above, which allows passive multiplication with attenuation. The normalized path is attenuated by the potentiometer before, so you can also create very subtle changes (e.g. Fine tune a VCO).

The white lines on the Front panel mark the normalisation routing.

Dimensions
8 HP
12 mm deep

Current Draw
Module does not draw current

Notes: Module A-118-2 generates the signals white noise, colored noise, continuous random voltage and stepped random voltage.

The noise signal is generated 100% analog by amplification of the noise of a transistor. White and colored noise are usually used as audio sources. The random voltages are normally used as control voltages (e.g. for filter frequency or any other voltage controlled parameter).

The A-118-2 gives you the ability to mix the relative amounts of Red and Blue noise (low/high frequency component) in the colored noise output.

For the continuous random voltage the rate of change (Rate) and amplitude (Level) of the random voltage can be adjusted. The continuous random voltage is used as source for the S&H/T&H unit. The type of operation can be set to S&H (sample and hold) or T&H (track and hold). When T&H is chosen the output signal follows the input signal as long as the Clock input is "high". As soon as the clock signal changes to "low" the last voltage is stored. When S&H is chosen the input signal is sampled at the rising edge of the Clock signal. For the Clock signal a "digital" signal (e.g. Clock, Gate, rectangle output of an LFO) is required. Dual color LEDs are used to indicates the continuous and stepped random voltages.

Controls:
Blue: share of the high frequencies in the the colored noise output
Red: share of the low frequencies in the the colored noise output
Rate: rate of change of the continuous random voltage
Level: amplitude of the continuous random voltage
TH/SH: switches between T&H und S&H

Inputs and outputs:
RND: continuous random voltage output (with LED display)
TH/SH: stepped random voltage output (with LED display)
Clk: Clock input of the S&H/T&H unit
C Noise: colored noise output
W Noise: white noise output

Important notes:
After power on it takes a few minutes until the two noise signals and the random signals are generated. The module is not faulty when after power on the signals do not appear immediately!

The S&H/T&H function is realized by pure analog circuitry (electronic switch followed by a holding capacitor and buffer). Consequently the output voltage drifts a bit in the holding state because the capacitor is discharged by parasitic resistors. The drift depends also upon environmental conditions like humidity or temperature.

The level of the random voltage changes with the settings of the Blue and Red controls. Especially the Red control affects the random voltage level (which is derived by low pass filtering from the colored noise signal) because the Red control changes the share of the low frequencies in the colored noise signal. The effect of the Blue control is much smaller because it changes the share of the high frequencies in the colored noise signal which are filtered out by the low pass of the random circuitry.

Power consumption: 20mA at +12V and 20mA at -12V
Depth: 40mm
HP : 4

Notes: Module A-183-9 is a simple power supply for up to four devices which can be powered via USB (e.g. keyboards, smartphones). An LED shows is the +5V are present.

The module has no USB function but provides only the +5V supply for USB devices.

A control LED shows if the +5V are present.

Note: The module requires an A-100 case with built in power supply A-100PSU3. Only this A-100 supply has the required +5V available. We do not recommend the usage of an older A-100 case with A-100PSU2 as this would require the +5V adapter A-100AD5 and the max. current would be limited to 100mA.

Notes: Module A-182-1 is a simple passive multi-connector similar to the multiples modules A-180-1/A-180-2. In contrast to modules A-180-1/2 each socket is equipped with a 3-position switch that allows to connect the corresponding socket to the internal bus #1 (left position), bus #2 (right position) or to turn the socket off (centre position).

Examples:

- All switches in left position or all switches in right position: 8-fold multiple

- Four switches in left position and four switches in right position: two 4-fold multiple

- X switches in left position, Y switches in right position and Z switches in centre position: two separate multiples with some sockets turned off

Notes: Module A-184-2 is the combination of two functions and planned primarily as an expansion module for VCOs or LFOs (e.g. A-110-1, A-110-2, A-145, A-147-2).

Triangle-to-Sine Waveshaper:

The upper section is a very precise triangle-to-sine converter (thanks to Tim Stinchcombe who recommended this circuit). It can be used to convert any triangle waveform into a (nearly) perfect sine. The converter is much better than the simple diode converter used in the A-110-1, A-111-1, A-145 and A-147-2. Two trimming potentiometers are used to optimize the sine shape. The converter should be assigned to one VCO or LFO because the trimming potentiometers have to be re-adjusted if the input level or DC offset of the input signal changes. If the trimming potentiometers are deliberately mis-adjusted it can be used also as a waveshaper for non-sine waveforms (e.g. sine-shaped at the top of the signal and a peak at the bottom, even voltage controlled by applying an additional voltage to the waveshaping circuit, "circuit-bending" notes will be available).

The waveform converter is DC coupled and can be used also for low frequencies (e.g. LFO triangle waves).

Voltage Controlled Crossfader:

The lower section is a voltage controlled crossfader. It has two inputs A and B. The two signals are mixed together with variable percentage. When the manual control CF is fully CCW only signal A appears at the CF Out socket. When the manual control CF is fully CW only signal B appears at the CF Out socket. In the centre position of the manual control both signal appear with the same level. In addition a control voltage input CV with attenuator is available to enable voltage control of the crossfade.

Two LEDs display the crossfading shares of input A and B.

The crossfader uses two high quality VCAs (SSM2164). Inputs and outputs are DC coupled. Consequently it can be used for audio signals and slowly varying control voltages as well.

The sockets of the upper section (triangle and sine) are normalled to the inputs A and B of the crossfader section. That way the crossfader is used to fade between triangle and sine of the VCO or LFO connected to the waveshaper. If other signals are plugged into the input sockets A and B these signals are used for crossfading.

The main application is to fade between two different waveforms of a VCO or LFO or two different VCF outputs. But the module can be used for any other signals too as the waveshaper and crossfader sections are independent apart from the normalled sockets.

Notes: Module A-196 contains a so-called phase locked loop (PLL). The basic PLL system is shown in the sketch at the bottom of this page. A PLL consists of three parts: voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), phase comparator (PC), and low-pass filter (LPF). All parts are normally connected to form a closed-loop frequency-feedback system.

This is how a PLL works: The output of the internal VCO (linear CV control, rectangle output) is compared with an external signal (e.g. the rectangle output of a A-110 VCO) in the so-called phase comparator (PC). The output of the phase comparator is a digital signal (low/high/tristate) that indicates if the frequency resp. phase difference of the two input signals is negative, zero or positive. The output of the phase comparator is processed by a low pass filter (LPF) to generate a smooth voltage that is used to control the frequency of the internal VCO. The 3 units VCO, PC and LPF form a feedback loop that works like this: The control voltage (output of the LPF) increases as long as the external frequency is higher than the frequency of the internal VCO und stops increasing when both frequencies become identical. The control voltage decreases as long as the external frequency is lower than the frequency of the internal VCO und stops decreasing when both frequencies become identical.

But there are some stumbling blocks: Different types of phase comparators with advantages and disadvantages can be made. Some phase comparators e.g. even lock at harmonics, i.e. if the two frequencies to be compared are integer multiples. But for some applications this can be used to create interesting effects. The A-196 contains 3 different types of phase comparators: PC1 is a simple exclusive OR, that even locks at harmonics. PC2 is a so-called RS flipflop and PC3 a more complex digital memory network. The user can select one of the three phase comparators with a 3-position switch. When PC2 is used a LED displays the "locked" state, i.e. when the frequency of the internal VCO is identical to the external frequency.

Special attention has to be directed to the frequency of the LPF. To obtain a smooth control voltage for the VCO the frequency of the LPF has to be much smaller than the lowest frequency of the internal or external audio signal. Otherwise the frequency of the internal VCO will jitter or wobble around the correct frequency. But for special effects this frequency jitter can be used intentionally. Example: frequencies in the range 50Hz...1kHz have to be processed with the PLL. Therefore the frequency of the LPF has to be about 10Hz or even less. Such a low frequency of the LPF causes a noticeable slew of the internal VCO. When the frequency of the external signal jumps e.g. between 500Hz and 1kHz it takes about 0.1 second until the internal VCO reaches the new frequency (like portamento). So one has to find a compromise between frequency jitter and portamento. But these remarks are valid only for the "ideal" working PLL. As the A-196 is used in a musical environment the "problems" and disadvantages with jitter and slew time lead to additional musical applications like portamento effects, wobbling frequencies or harmonic locking according to the type of frequency comparator and time constant of the PLL low pass filter. Instead of the internal manually controlled low pass filter the voltage controlled slew limiter A-171 can be used to obtain voltage control of this parameter. Normal audio filters (e.g. A-120, A-121) cannot be used for this job as the minimum frequency is to high (down to a few Hz or even less necessary) and the signal has to be DC coupled due to the low frequencies. Audio filters are normally AC coupled.

Another very important application of a PLL is frequency multiplication in combination with an external frequency divider. For this the output of the PLL-VCO is processed through an external frequency divider (e.g. A-163, A-160, A-161, A-115) before it is fed to In1 of the phase comparator. In this case the frequency of the PLL-VCO will be a multiple of the master frequency. E.g. if the A-163 is used and adjusted to dividing factor 5 the frequency of the PLL-VCO will be 5 times the frequency of the master VCO. Consequently, frequency division (A-163) leads to frequency multiplication with the PLL circuit. In combination with the PLL low pass frequency several effects can be realized (frequency multiplication with portamento or wobbling). The frequency multiplication can even be used to drive a graphic VCO. If your graphic VCO e.g. has 8 steps (e.g. A-155) and you use a frequency divider with factor 8 in the PLL feedback the output of the graphic VCO has the same frequency as the master VCO. Another application is the generation of pseudo-harmonics (not real harmonics as only rectangle waves are available) or clock generation for switched-capacitor filters.

Notes: Module A-145-4 is a simple quad LFO (Low Frequency Oscillator). Not a very "exciting" module, just a bread-and-butter device and a simple demon for work. Virtually in every modular system several LFOs are required for modulation purposes. The module contains four simple LFOs with the waveforms triangle and rectangle. A dual colour LED (red = positive / yellow = negative output voltage) indicates the triangle output of each LFO. The frequency range can be chosen for each LFO individually by means of a jumper between about 50 Hz ... 0.04 Hz (about 20 seconds, jumper removed) and about 2Hz ... 0.002 (about 8 minutes, jumper installed).

The module can be treated as a slimmed version of the quad LFO A-143-3 as it has similar features available. But the distances between the controls are smaller and rubberized small-sized knobs are used. In return the front panel has 4 HP only which is less than one third of the A-143-3. The module is primarily planned for applications where only limited space is available. The functional difference compared to the A-143-3 are the missing sawtooth outputs and frequency range switches.

Notes: Compact and simple four-input mixer module from Uncle Dieter. Linear pots make it suited to mixing CV signals but it can also handle audio. Mixed signal hard-wired to two sockets.

Supplier notes:
Module A-138n is a simple four channel mixer, which can be used with either control voltages or audio signals. Each of the four inputs has an attenuator available. The output is twice available (two sockets, hard-wired like a multiple).

HP : 4

Notes: A-133-2 is the slim version of the A-133 but has some additional features and improvements available compared to the A-133.

Module A-133-2 can be used for a lot of applications: as a simple VCA, or a voltage controlled polarizer/attuverter, or a voltage controlled inverter up to a DC coupled ring modulator. In principle the module contains two special voltage controlled amplifiers (VCAs) that allow both positive and negative amplification.

The overall amplification is definded by the sum of the voltage generated by the Man control, the external control voltage CV and the position of the CV control which works as an attenuator for the external control voltage. Without external CV the amplification is +1 when the Man control is fully CW. In the center position the amplification is zero and fully CCW it's -1 (i.e. the incoming signal is inverted). By means of the external control voltage CV the manually adjusted amplification can be modulated. CV can be both positive or negative (i.e. bipolar) to obtain positive or negative amplification values controlled by the external CV.

In addition the CV signal can be modulated via the modulation control input Mod by means of another control voltage. The Mod socket is normalled to +5V, i.e. a constant positive voltage is used as modulation CV provided that no plug is inserted into the Mod socket.

The current amplification is displayed by a dual color LED (note: it's not a signal display but indicates the amplification, probably yellow = positive amplification, red = negative amplification)
Application examples:
voltage controlled amplifier (VCA) with pure positive overall amplification (Man + CV)
voltage controlled inverter with pure negative overall amplification (Man + CV)
voltage controlled polarizer/attuverter overall amplification changing between positive and negative (Man + CV)
DC coupled ring modulator with offset feature, the "classical" ring modulator corresponds to Man=0 and symmetrical audio signals for In and CV
additional effects by means of the modulation feature of the CV signal (using the Mod input)

Notes: Module A-150-1 (Dual VCS) contains two separate voltage-controlled switches.

Each switch has a control voltage input, a common Out / Input, and two In / Outputs. The switches are bi-directional: they can work in both directions, so can connect one input to either of two outputs, or either of two inputs to one output. Voltages in the range -8V...+8V at the O/I resp. I/O sockets can be processed by the module.

Two LEDs show which in / output is active (i.e. which is connected to the common out / input).

Notes: Module A-160 is a frequency divider for clock/trigger/gate signals, designed to be a source of lower frequencies, particularly for rhythm uses. The Trigger input will take clock signals from, e.g. an LFO, MIDI sync, or the gate from a MIDI-CV interface.

At the outputs, you have access to the sub-divided clock signals, from half the clock frequency down to 1/64. The low/high levels of the output signals are 0V and about +10V.

The A-160 also has a reset input. Whenever a reset signal is sensed, all outputs are set to zero, until the reset voltage disappears.

The Clock Divider can be used in combination with the A-161 Clock Sequencer to produce stepped sequences with a length of from one to eight events.

Notes: Module A-124 is a special 12dB multimode filter using the "strange" filter circuit of the "EDP Wasp" (an analog synthesizer with black/yellow case built end of the seventies, manufactured by the UK company "Electronic Dream Plant" with Chris Huggett und Adrian Wagner). This design "abuses" digital inverters as analog operational amplifiers leading to distortions and other "dirty" effects that generate the specific sound of this filter. The filter is equipped with a band pass output and a combined low/notch/high pass output. For this output a control knob defines the relation between low and high pass signal. If both signals appear at the same level (i.e. middle position of the Mix knob) one obtains a notch filter. Otherwise the low or high pass signal predominates. The module does not feature self-oscillation in contrast to most of the other filters of the A-100 system.

Inputs: Audio In, CV In (2x)
Outputs: Bandpass Out, Low/Highpass Mix-Out
Controls: Audio and CV attenuator, Frequency, Resonance, LP/HP Mix

The function and operation of this module is very similar to the module SEM VCF A-106-5. But the sound of both filters is very different! The only functional difference is the position of the sockets and controls, and the function of the controls CV2 (A-124: normal attenuator, A-106-5: polarizer).

- 3U Eurorack module, 8HP wide, 45mm deep
- Current draw 30mA

Notes: Module A-160-2 is an enhanced version of the standard clock divider A-160. The module is a frequency divider for clock/trigger/gate signals, designed to be a source of lower frequencies, particularly for rhythm uses. The Clock input will take any digital signal from, eg. LFO, MIDI sync, or the gate from a MIDI-CV interface. At the outputs, you have access to three sets of seven different sub-divided clock signals, from half the clock frequency down to 1/128. The low/high levels of the output signals are 0V and about +10V.

The A-160-2 also has a reset input. Whenever a reset signal is sensed, all outputs are set to certain levels which depend upon the selected mode.

These are the most important features of the module:

Three different sets of dividing factors, selected by a three-position switch at the front panel:
- Power of two: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
- Prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17
- Integer: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

Two output modes, selected by a two-position switch at the front panel:
- Gate mode: outputs act like the outputs of typical binary dividers
- Trigger mode: in this mode the outputs are AND-wired with the clock signal (i.e. the clock pulsewidth affects the pulsewidth of the outputs)
- Clock edge type selected by a jumper on the pc board:
- Positive: the rising edge of the clock signal triggers the state change of the outputs
- Negative: the falling edge of the clock signal triggers the state change of the outputs

Reset behaviour by two jumpers on the pc board:
- Level triggered: the level at the Reset input triggers the Reset
- Edge triggered: the edge of the signal at the Reset input triggers the Reset
- Positive: a high level (> 2.5V) or the rising edge at the Reset input triggers the Reset
- Negative: a low level (< 1 V) or the falling edge at the Reset input triggers the Reset

Output polarity selected by a jumper on the pc board:
- Positive: non-inverted outputs
- Negative: all seven outputs are inverted

Width: 4HP / 20mm
Depth: 35mm (Measured from the rear side of the front panel)
Current: +12V: +50mA, -12V: -0mA